Xuduudaha aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka laysarka

Xuduudaha aasaasiga ah eenidaamka laysarka

Goobo badan oo codsi ah sida qalabaynta qalabka, qalliinka laysarka iyo dareenka fog, in kasta oo ay jiraan noocyo badan oo nidaamyada laysarka ah, waxay inta badan wadaagaan qaar ka mid ah xuduudaha aasaasiga ah ee caadiga ah. Samaynta nidaam ereybixin halbeeg ah oo midaysan waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad iska ilaaliso jahawareerka hadalka waxayna u saamaxdaa isticmaalayaasha inay si sax ah u doortaan una habeeyaan nidaamyada laysarka iyo qaybaha, taas oo buuxinaysa baahiyaha xaalado gaar ah.

Halbeegyada aasaasiga ah

Mawjada dhererka (cutubyada caadiga ah: nm ilaa μm)

Dhererka hirarku waxa uu ka tarjumayaa sifooyinka soo noqnoqda ee hirarka iftiinka ee ay sii daayaan laysarka meel bannaan. Xaaladaha kala duwan ee codsiyada waxay leeyihiin shuruudo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay mawjadaha dhererka: farsamaynta walxaha, heerka nuugista alaabta ee mawjadaha dhererka gaarka ah way kala duwan yihiin, taas oo saameyn doonta saameynta habka. Codsiyada dareenka fog, waxaa jira kala duwanaansho nuugista iyo faragelinta mowjadaha dhererka kala duwan ee jawiga. Codsiyada caafimaadka, nuugista laysarka ee dadka midabada maqaarka ee kala duwan sidoo kale way kala duwan yihiin iyadoo ku xiran hirarka dhererka. Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay meesha yar ee diirada la saaray, leysarka hirarka gaaban iyoqalabka indhaha laserfaa'iido u leedahay inaad abuurto sifooyin yaryar oo sax ah, adigoo dhalinaya kuleyl aad u yar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la barbardhigo laysarka leh mawjadaha dhaadheer, badanaa waa ka qaalisan yihiin waxayna aad ugu nugul yihiin waxyeellada.

2. Awoodda iyo tamarta (Cutubyada caadiga ah: W ama J)

Awoodda leysarka inta badan waxaa lagu cabbiraa watts (W) waxaana loo isticmaalaa in lagu cabbiro wax soo saarka leysarka joogtada ah ama celceliska awoodda leysarka garaaca. Laysarka garaaca wadnaha, tamarta hal garaaca wadnaha waxay si toos ah u dhigantaa celceliska awoodda waxayna u dhigantaa inta jeer ee soo noqnoqda, iyada oo cutubku uu yahay joule (J). Awoodda sare ama tamarta, qiimaha sare ee laysarka sida caadiga ah waa, way sii weyn tahay baahida kuleylka kuleylka, iyo dhibaatada ilaalinta tayada iftiinka wanaagsan ayaa sidoo kale kor u kacda.

Tamarta garaaca = celceliska ku celcelinta awoodda garaaca wadnaha = celceliska heerka soo noqnoqda awoodda

3. Muddada garaaca garaaca (cutubyada caadiga ah :fs ilaa ms)

Muddada garaaca wadnaha laysarka, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano ballaca garaaca wadnaha, ayaa guud ahaan lagu qeexaa wakhtiga ay qaadanaysoleysarkaAwood uu kor ugu kaco nuskeeda ugu sarreysa (FWHM) (Jaantuska 1). Balaadhka garaaca wadnaha ee laysarka ultrafast aad buu u gaaban yahay, sida caadiga ah wuxuu u dhexeeyaa picoseconds (10⁻¹² ilbiriqsi) ilaa daqiiqado (10⁻¹⁸ ilbiriqsi).

4. Heerka ku celcelinta (cutubyada caadiga ah: Hz ilaa MHZ)

Heerka soo noqnoqda ee alaser garaaca(ie, soo noqnoqoshada garaaca garaaca garaaca wadnaha) ayaa qeexaya tirada garaaca wadnaha ee la sii daayo ilbiriqsi kasta, taas oo ah, isku celceliska kala dheeraynta garaaca garaaca wadnaha (Jaantuska 1). Sida hore loo soo sheegay, heerka soo noqnoqda wuxuu u dhigmaa tamarta garaaca wadnaha oo si toos ah u dhigma awoodda celceliska. Inkasta oo heerka soo noqnoqda uu inta badan ku xidhan yahay faa'iidada laysarka ee dhexdhexaadka ah, xaalado badan, heerka soo noqnoqda wuu kala duwanaan karaa. Markasta oo uu sareeyo heerka celceliska, wakhtiga nasashada kulaylka ee dusha sare ee isha isha laysarka iyo meesha ugu dambaysa ee diirada la saaro, taas oo awood u siinaysa agabku in uu si dhakhso ah u kululeeyo.

5. Dhererka isku xirnaanta (Cutubyada caadiga ah:mm ilaa cm)

Laseryadu waxay leeyihiin isku xirnaan, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in uu jiro xiriir go'an oo u dhexeeya qiyamka wajiga ee beerta korantada waqtiyo kala duwan ama jagooyin kala duwan. Sababtu waxa weeye laysarka waxa dhaliya qiiqa la kiciyey, kaas oo ka duwan inta badan noocyada kale ee ilayska. Inta lagu jiro habka faafinta oo dhan, isku xirnaanta ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u daciifisa, dhererka isku xirnaanta ee laysarka ayaa qeexaya masaafada ay isku xirnaanta ku meel gaarka ah ku ilaalinayso tiro gaar ah.

6. Polarization

Polarization waxay qeexaysaa jihada korantada ee hirarka iftiinka, taas oo had iyo jeer u taagan jihada faafinta. Inta badan, layseryadu waa kuwo toosan, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in goobta korontadu ay had iyo jeer u jeedaan isla jihada. Iftiinka aan dabaylaha ahayn wuxuu dhaliyaa beero koronto oo tilmaamaya jihooyin badan oo kala duwan. Heerka polarization-ka waxaa badanaa lagu muujiyaa sida saamiga awoodda indhaha ee labada dawladood ee polarization orthogonal, sida 100: 1 ama 500: 1.