Tilmaamaha muhiimka ah ee sifooyinka laser-ka ee timaha

1. Dhererka Mowjadaha (cutub: nm ilaa μm)

TheMowjadaha laysarkawaxay matalaysaa hirarka korantada ee uu qaado laysarka. Marka la barbardhigo noocyada kale ee iftiinka, waa astaamo muhiim ah oolaysarwaa in uu yahay mid monochromatic ah, taasoo la macno ah in hirarkiisu aad u saafi ah oo uu leeyahay hal soo noqnoqod oo si fiican loo qeexay.

Farqiga u dhexeeya hirarka kala duwan ee laysarka:

Mowjadaha laysarka cas guud ahaan waxay u dhexeeyaan 630nm-680nm, iftiinka soo baxayana waa casaan, waana laysarka ugu badan (inta badan loo isticmaalo nalalka quudinta caafimaadka, iwm.);

Mowjadda laysarka cagaaran guud ahaan waa qiyaastii 532nm, (inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa goobta kala duwanaanta laysarka, iwm.);

Mowjadaha laysarka buluugga ah guud ahaan waxay u dhexeeyaan 400nm-500nm (inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa qalliinka laysarka);

Laser-ka UV-ga ee u dhexeeya 350nm-400nm (inta badan loo isticmaalo daawada bayoolojiga);

Laser-ka Infrared-ka ayaa ah kan ugu gaarka ah, sida ku cad baaxadda hirarka iyo goobta codsiga, hirarka laysarka infrared-ka guud ahaan wuxuu ku yaal inta u dhaxaysa 700nm-1mm. Kooxda infrared-ka waxaa loo sii qaybin karaa saddex qaybood oo hoosaad ah: meel u dhow infrared (NIR), infrared-ka dhexe (MIR) iyo infrared-ka fog (FIR). Kala duwanaanshaha hirarka infrared-ka ee u dhow waa qiyaastii 750nm-1400nm, kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo isgaarsiinta fiber-ka indhaha, sawir-qaadista biomedical-ka iyo qalabka aragtida habeenkii ee infrared-ka.

2. Awoodda iyo tamarta (cutubka: W ama J)

Awoodda laysarkawaxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qeexo wax soo saarka korontada indhaha ee laysarka hirarka joogtada ah (CW) ama awoodda celceliska laysarka garaaca. Intaa waxaa dheer, laysarka garaaca waxaa lagu gartaa xaqiiqda ah in tamartooda garaaca ay la mid tahay awoodda celceliska ah iyo inay si liddi ah ugu tiirsan tahay heerka ku celcelinta garaaca, laysarkana leh awood iyo tamar sare badanaa waxay soo saaraan kulayl qashin badan.

Inta badan fallaadhaha laysarka waxay leeyihiin muuqaal fallaadhaha Gaussian ah, sidaa darteed fallaadhaha iyo qulqulka labaduba waa kuwa ugu sarreeya dhidibka indhaha ee laysarka waxayna hoos u dhacaan marka leexashada dhidibka indhaha ay korodho. Laysarka kale waxay leeyihiin astaamo fallaadho fidsan oo dusha sare ah kuwaas oo, si ka duwan fallaadhaha Gaussian, leh muuqaal fallaadho joogto ah oo ka gudba qaybta isgoyska ee fallaadhaha laysarka iyo hoos u dhac degdeg ah oo ku yimaada xoogga. Sidaa darteed, laysarka fidsan ma laha iftiin fallaadho ugu sarreeya. Awoodda ugu sarreysa ee fallaadhaha Gaussian waa labanlaab ka weyn fallaadhaha fidsan ee dusha sare leh oo leh awood isku mid ah.

3. Muddada garaaca wadnaha (cutubka: fs ilaa ms)

Muddada garaaca laysarka (tusaale ahaan ballaca garaaca) waa wakhtiga ay qaadato in laysarka uu gaaro kala bar awoodda ugu badan ee indhaha (FWHM).

 

4. Heerka ku celcelinta (cutub: Hz ilaa MHz)

Heerka ku celcelinta ee alaysarka garaaca leh(tusaale ahaan heerka ku celcelinta garaaca wadnaha) wuxuu qeexayaa tirada garaaca wadnaha ee la sii daayo ilbiriqsi kasta, taas oo ah, is-weydaarsiga kala-fogaanshaha garaaca wadnaha ee taxanaha waqtiga. Heerka ku celcelintu wuxuu si liddi ku ah ula mid yahay tamarta garaaca wadnaha wuxuuna u dhigmaa awoodda celceliska. Inkasta oo heerka ku celcelintu uu badanaa ku xiran yahay habka helitaanka laysarka, xaalado badan, heerka ku celcelinta waa la beddeli karaa. Heerka ku celcelinta oo sarreeya wuxuu keenaa waqti nasasho kuleyl oo gaaban oo loogu talagalay dusha sare iyo diiradda ugu dambeysa ee curiyaha indhaha ee laysarka, taas oo iyaduna horseedda kuleyl degdeg ah oo agabka ah.

5. Kala duwanaansho (cutub caadi ah: mrad)

In kasta oo laambadda laysarka guud ahaan loo arko inay isku dhacayaan, haddana waxay had iyo jeer leeyihiin kala duwanaansho gaar ah, taas oo sharraxaysa heerka uu laambadda ku kala duwan yahay masaafada sii kordheysa ee dhexda laambadda laysarka sababtoo ah kala-goynta. Codsiyada leh masaafada shaqada ee dheer, sida nidaamyada liDAR, halkaas oo walxaha laga yaabo inay boqolaal mitir u jiraan nidaamka laysarka, kala-goyntu waxay noqotaa dhibaato gaar ah oo muhiim ah.

6. Cabbirka booska (cutub: μm)

Cabbirka barta ee iftiinka laysarka ee diiradda saaraya wuxuu qeexayaa dhexroorka iftiinka ee barta diiradda ee nidaamka muraayadda diiradda saaraya. Adeegsiyo badan, sida habaynta agabka iyo qalliinka caafimaadka, ujeeddadu waa in la yareeyo cabbirka barta. Tani waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta awoodda waxayna u oggolaanaysaa abuurista astaamo gaar ah oo jilicsan. Muraayadaha Aspheric waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa halkii laga isticmaali lahaa muraayadaha wareegsan ee dhaqameed si loo yareeyo khaladaadka wareegsan loona soo saaro cabbir yar oo diiradda saaraya.

7. Masaafada shaqada (cutubka: μm ilaa m)

Masaafada hawlgalka ee nidaamka laysarka waxaa badanaa lagu qeexaa masaafada jireed ee laga bilaabo curiyaha indhaha ee ugu dambeeya (badanaa muraayad diiradda saarta) ilaa shayga ama dusha sare ee laysarka diiradda saaro. Codsiyada qaarkood, sida laysarka caafimaadka, waxay badanaa raadiyaan inay yareeyaan masaafada hawlgalka, halka kuwa kale, sida dareemaha fog, ay badanaa higsanayaan inay kordhiyaan masaafada hawlgalka.