Faa'iidooyinka iyo muhiimadda filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate ee tignoolajiyada sawir-qaadista mikroway ee isku dhafan
Farsamada sawirka microwave-kawaxay leedahay faa'iidooyinka baaxadda weyn ee shaqada, awoodda isbarbardhigga xoogga leh iyo khasaaraha gudbinta hooseeya, taas oo awood u leh in ay jebiso cirifka farsamada ee nidaamka microwave dhaqameed iyo hagaajinta waxqabadka qalabka macluumaadka elektaroonigga ah sida radar, dagaalka elektiroonigga ah, isgaarsiinta iyo cabbirka iyo xakamayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamka photon microwave ee ku salaysan qalab kala duwan ayaa leh qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka sida mugga weyn, miisaanka culus iyo xasiloonida liidata, taas oo si dhab ah u xaddidaya codsiga tignoolajiyada photon microwave ee hawada hawada iyo hawada hawada. Sidaa darteed, tikniyoolajiyadda sawir-qaadista mikrowave ee isku-dhafan waxay noqonaysaa taageero muhiim ah si loo jebiyo codsiga mikrowave photon ee nidaamka macluumaadka elektaroonigga ah oo si buuxda loogu ciyaaro faa'iidooyinka tignoolajiyada photon microwave.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada isdhexgalka ee ku saleysan SI-ku-saleysan iyo tignoolajiyada is-dhexgalka sawir-qaadista ee INP-ku-saleysan waxay noqdeen kuwo aad iyo aad u qaan-gaar ah ka dib sannado badan oo horumar ah oo dhinaca isgaarsiinta indhaha ah, iyo alaabooyin badan ayaa suuqa la geliyay. Si kastaba ha noqotee, codsiga microwave photon, waxaa jira dhibaatooyin qaar ka mid ah labadan nooc ee teknoolojiyadda is-dhexgalka photon: tusaale ahaan, isku-dhafka elektaroonigga ah ee aan tooska ahayn ee Si modulator iyo modulator InP ayaa ka soo horjeeda toosnaanta sare iyo sifooyinka firfircoon ee waaweyn ee ay raacdo microwave. farsamada sawir-qaadista; Tusaale ahaan, silikoon indho-indheyn ah oo garanaya beddelka dariiqa indhaha, ha ahaato mid ku salaysan saamaynta kulaylka-optical, saamaynta piezoelectric, ama saamaynta faafinta duritaanka side, waxay leedahay dhibaatooyinka xawaaraha beddelka gaabis ah, isticmaalka tamarta iyo isticmaalka kulaylka, taas oo aan la kulmi karin xawaaraha. iskaanka alwaax iyo codsiyo sawir qaade oo mikrowave ah oo cabbir weyn.
Lithium niobate ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa doorashada koowaad ee xawaaraha sarehabaynta elektro-opticagabka sababtoo ah saameynteeda tooska ah ee elektiroonigga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, lithium niobate-dhaqameedkamodulator-ka-elektarooniga ahwaxa uu ka samaysan yahay maaddada lithium niobate crystal oo aad u weyn, cabirka qalabkuna aad buu u weyn yahay, kaas oo aan dabooli karin baahida tignoolajiyada photon microwave-ga ee isku dhafan. Sida loogu dhex daro agabka lithium niobate oo leh iskuxiraha elektro-optical-ka toosan ee isku dhafan ee nidaamka tignoolajiyada sawirka mikrowave ayaa noqday hadafka cilmi-baarayaasha khuseeya. 2018, koox cilmi baaris ah oo ka socota Jaamacadda Harvard ee Mareykanka ayaa markii ugu horreysay soo warisay tikniyoolajiyadda is-dhexgalka ee photonic ee ku saleysan filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate ee Dabiiciga, sababtoo ah tignoolajiyadu waxay leedahay faa'iidooyinka isdhexgalka sare, baaxadda ballaaran ee qaabeynta elektro-optical-ka, iyo khadka sare ee korantada. Saamaynta indhaha, mar la bilaabay, waxay isla markiiba sababtay dareenka tacliinta iyo warshadaha ee duurka isdhexgalka photonic iyo photonics microwave. Marka laga eego dhinaca codsiga microwave-ka, warqaddani waxay dib u eegis ku samaynaysaa saamaynta iyo muhiimada tignoolajiyada isdhexgalka ee photon ee ku salaysan filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate ee horumarinta tignoolajiyada photon microwave.
Filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate walxo iyo filim khafiif ahmodulator lithium niobate
Labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, nooc cusub oo lithium niobate ah ayaa soo baxay, taas oo ah, filimka lithium niobate ayaa laga soo saaray kristal lithium niobate ee aadka u weyn iyadoo loo eegayo habka "Ion jeexan" oo lagu dhejiyay Si wafer oo leh lakabka silica. foomka LNOI (LiNbO3-On-Insulator) walxo [5], kaas oo loo yaqaan walxaha khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate ee warqaddan. Ridge waveguides oo leh dhererka in ka badan 100 nanometer ayaa lagu dhejin karaa filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate qalabka iyada oo la hagaajinayo habka qallajinta qalalan, iyo farqiga wax-ku-oolka ah ee wax-ku-oolka ah ee mawjadaha la sameeyay waxay gaari karaan in ka badan 0.8 (oo aad uga sarreeya farqiga index refractive ee dhaqanka. lithium niobate waveguides of 0.02), sida ku cad Jaantuska 1. Mawjada aadka u xaddidan waxay sahlaysaa in la waafajiyo goobta iftiinka iyo goobta mikrowave marka la naqshadeynayo modulator-ka. Sidaa darteed, waxaa faa'iido leh in la gaaro korantada hoose ee mawjadda nuska ah iyo xajmiga xajmiga weyn ee dhererka gaaban.
Muuqashada lithium niobate submicron waveguide waxay jebisaa cidhiidhiga korantada wadista sare ee modulator-ka caadiga ah ee lithium niobate. Fogaanta korantada waxaa lagu yarayn karaa ~ 5 μm, isku dhafka u dhexeeya saaxadda korantada iyo goobta qaabka indhaha ayaa aad u kordheysa, vπ ·L wuxuu hoos uga dhacayaa in ka badan 20 V · cm oo uu ka hooseeyo 2.8 V · cm. Sidaa darteed, hoosta isku midka ah ee korantada nuska ah, dhererka qalabka ayaa si weyn loo dhimi karaa marka la barbardhigo modulator-dhaqameedka. Isla mar ahaantaana, ka dib markii la hagaajiyo xuduudaha ballaca, dhumucda iyo barafka ee korantada mawjada socdaalka, sida ku cad shaxanka, modulator-ku wuxuu yeelan karaa awoodda xajmiga xajmiga ultra-sare ee ka weyn 100 GHz.
Sawirka
Sawirka
Isbarbardhigga modulators filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate modulators-ka caadiga ah ee lithium niobate modulators-ka ganacsiga, modulators silicon-based modulators iyo indium phosphide (InP) modulators iyo kuwa kale ee jira ee xawaaraha sare ee modulators electro-optical, xuduudaha ugu muhiimsan ee isbarbardhigga waxaa ka mid ah:
(1) Badeecada dhererka dhererka-mawjadda badhkeed (vπ ·L, V·cm), iyada oo la cabbirayo waxtarka wax-ka-beddelka ee modulator-ka, qiimaha yar, ayaa sarreeya hufnaanta habaynta;
(2) 3 dB modulation bandwidth (GHz), kaas oo cabbiraya jawaabta modulator-ka habaynta soo noqnoqoshada sare;
(3) Luminta gelinta indhaha (dB) ee gobolka qaabeynta. Waxaa laga arki karaa miiska in modulator-ka filimka khafiifka ah ee lithium niobate modulator uu leeyahay faa'iidooyin muuqda oo ku saabsan xajmiga xajmiga, korantada nuska ah, luminta isdhexgalka indhaha iyo wixii la mid ah.
Silikon, oo ah rukunka isku-dhafka ah ee optoelectronics, ayaa la sameeyay illaa hadda, geeddi-socodku waa qaan-gaaray, yareyntiisa ayaa ku habboon is-dhexgalka ballaaran ee qalabka firfircoon / firfircoon, iyo modulator-keeda ayaa si ballaaran oo qoto dheer loo bartay berrinkii indhaha. isgaarsiinta. Habka habaynta korantada indhaha ee silikoonku waa inta badan side-deption, duritaanka side iyo ururinta side. Waxaa ka mid ah, xajmiga modulator-ku waa mid aad u fiican oo leh habka dhimista heerka heerka tooska ah, laakiin sababtoo ah qaybinta goob-qaybinta indhaha waxay la socotaa qaab-dhismeedka aan caadiga ahayn ee gobolka baabi'inta, saameyntani waxay soo bandhigi doontaa qalloocinta labaad ee aan tooska ahayn iyo amarka saddexaad ee qalloocinta intermodulation. ereyada, oo ay weheliso saamaynta nuugista ee sidaha iftiinka, taas oo u horseedi doonta hoos u dhigista xajmiga qaabeynta indhaha iyo qallooca calaamadaha.
Modulator-ka InP wuxuu leeyahay saameyn aad u wanaagsan oo koronto-optical ah, iyo qaab dhismeedka ceelka tirada badan ee lakabka badan wuxuu xaqiijin karaa heerka aadka u sarreeya iyo modulators korantada wadista hoose ee leh Vπ · L ilaa 0.156V · mm. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kala duwanaanshaha index refractive ee beerta korantada waxaa ka mid ah ereyo toosan iyo kuwo aan toos ahayn, iyo kororka xoogga goobta korantada ayaa ka dhigi doonta saameynta labaad ee caanka ah. Sidaa darteed, silikoon iyo Module-yaasha InP-ga elektiroonigga ah waxay u baahan yihiin inay adeegsadaan eex si ay u sameeyaan is-goysyada pn marka ay shaqeynayaan, iyo isgoyska pn wuxuu u keenayaa nuugista nuugista iftiinka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cabbirka modulator-ka ee labadan waa mid yar, cabbirka modulator-ka InP-ga ganacsiga waa 1/4 ee modulator-ka LN. Waxtarka habaynta sare, ku haboon cufnaanta sare iyo masaafo gaaban shabakadaha gudbinta indhaha ee dhijitaalka ah sida xarumaha xogta. Saamaynta elektro-optical ee lithium niobate ma laha habka nuugista iftiinka iyo luminta hoose, taas oo ku habboon isku xirnaanta fogaanta fog.isgaarsiinta indhahaoo leh awood weyn iyo heer sare. Codsiga sawirka mikrowave-ka, isku-dhafka elektro-optic-ga ee Si iyo InP waa kuwo aan toos ahayn, taas oo aan ku habboonayn nidaamka photon microwave-ka kaas oo daba socda toosnaan sare iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo waaweyn. Maaddada lithium niobate aad bay ugu habboon tahay codsiga microwave-ka ee photon sababtoo ah iskudubariddeeda toosan ee korantada-optic-ga.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-22-2024