Laser aad u dhakhso badan oo loogu talagalay sayniska attosecond

Laser aad u dhakhso badancilmiga attosecond
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, garaaca attosecond waxaa inta badan laga helaa jiilka isku-dhafka sare (HHG) oo ay wadaan goobo xooggan. Nuxurka jiilkooda waxaa loo fahmi karaa sida elektaroono la ioneeyay, la dardargeliyay, oo dib loogu daray garoon koronto oo laysar ah oo xooggan si loo sii daayo tamar, taasoo soo saaraysa garaaca attosecond XUV.
Sidaa darteed, wax soo saarka attosecond wuxuu aad ugu nugul yahay ballaca garaaca, tamarta, hirarka, iyo heerka ku celcelintalaysarka wadista(Laysarka aadka u dhakhso badan): ballaca garaaca gaaban ayaa faa'iido u leh kala soocida garaaca attosecond, tamar sare waxay hagaajisaa ionization iyo hufnaanta, hirarka dheer wuxuu kor u qaadaa tamarta goynta laakiin si weyn ayuu u yareeyaa hufnaanta beddelka, heerka ku celcelinta sarena wuxuu hagaajiyaa saamiga calaamadda-ilaa-buuqa laakiin waxaa xaddidaya tamarta hal garaaca wadnaha. Codsiyada kala duwan (sida mikroskoobka elektaroonigga ah, raajada nuugista raajada, tirinta isku dhaca, iwm.) waxay leeyihiin xoogag kala duwan oo ku saabsan tusmada garaaca attosecond, taas oo soo bandhigaysa shuruudo kala duwan oo dhammaystiran oo loogu talagalay laysarka wadista. Hagaajinta waxqabadka laysarka wadista ayaa muhiim u ah isticmaalka sayniska attosecond.

Afar waddo oo tikniyoolajiyadeed oo asaasi ah si kor loogu qaado waxqabadka laysarka wadista (Laysarka aadka u dhakhsaha badan)
1. Tamar sare: Waxaa loogu talagalay in laga gudbo hufnaanta beddelka hoose ee HHG iyo helitaanka garaaca attosecond-ka sare. Horumarka tignoolajiyada ayaa ka wareegay xoojinta garaaca caadiga ah ee chipped pulse (CPA) una wareegay qoyska xoojinta parametric-ka indhaha, oo ay ku jiraan xoojinta garaaca indhaha ee chipped pulse (OPCPA), OPA-ga laba-jibbaaran ee chipped (DC-OPA), OPA-ga soo noqnoqda (FOPA), iyo OPCPA-ga isku-dhafka marxaladda quasi (QPCPA). Isku-darka dheeraadka ah ee isku-darka isku-dhafka iftiinka isku-dhafan (CBC) iyo farsamooyinka isku-darka kordhinta garaaca wadnaha (DPA) si looga gudbo xaddidaadaha jireed ee xoojiyeyaasha kanaalka hal-halka ah, sida saameynta kulaylka iyo dhaawaca aan tooska ahayn, iyo in la gaaro wax soo saarka tamarta heerka Joule.
2. Ballaca garaaca gaaban: Waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu soo saaro garaaca attosecond go'doonsan oo loo isticmaali karo in lagu falanqeeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa elektaroonigga ah, oo u baahan garaaca wadista ee yar ama xitaa kuwa hoose ee xilliyeedka ah iyo wejiga baqshadda side ee deggan (CEP). Teknolojiyada ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah isticmaalka farsamooyinka cadaadiska boostada ee aan tooska ahayn sida fiber-ka xudunta godka ah (HCF), filim khafiif ah oo badan (MPSC), iyo godka kanaalka badan (MPC) si loo cadaadiyo ballaca garaaca ilaa dherer aad u gaaban. Xasilloonida CEP waxaa lagu cabbiraa iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhexdhexaadiye f-2f ah waxaana lagu gaaraa jawaab celin firfircoon/quudin horusocod ah (sida AOFS, AOPDF) ama farsamooyinka is-xasillinta indhaha oo dhan oo aan firfircoonayn oo ku salaysan hababka kala duwanaanshaha soo noqnoqda.
3. Mowjad dheer: Waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu riixo tamarta photon-ka ee attosecond ilaa xarigga "daaqadda biyaha" si loogu sawiro biomolecule-ka. Saddexda waddo ee tiknoolajiyadeed ee ugu waaweyn waa:
Kordhinta cabbirka indhaha (OPA) iyo cascade-keeda: Waa xalka ugu weyn ee ku jira heerka hirarka 1-5 μm, iyadoo la adeegsanayo kiristaalo sida BiBO iyo MgO: LN; >Kiristaallo sida ZGP iyo LiGaS ₂ ayaa looga baahan yahay xarigga hirarka 5 μm.
Soo saarista Soo noqnoqoshada Kala Duwan (DFG) iyo Soo noqnoqoshada Kala Duwan ee Wadnaha Intra (IPDFG): waxay ku siin kartaa ilaha abuurka xasilloonida CEP ee aan firfircoonayn.
Tiknoolajiyada tooska ah ee laysarka, sida laysarka Cr: ZnS/Se ee bir-ku-darka ah ee lagu dahaadhay chalcogenide, waxaa loo yaqaan "sapphire titanium mid-infrared" waxayna leedahay faa'iidooyinka qaab-dhismeedka is haysta iyo hufnaan sare.
4. Heerka ku celcelinta oo sareeya: waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu hagaajiyo saamiga calaamadda-ilaa-sawaaxa iyo hufnaanta helitaanka xogta, iyo wax ka qabashada xaddidaadaha saameynta dallacaadda booska. Laba waddo oo waaweyn:
Tiknoolajiyada daloolka ee la xoojiyay ee resonance-ka: iyadoo la adeegsanayo godadka resonant-ka ee saxsan si loo xoojiyo awoodda ugu sarreysa ee garaaca soo noqnoqda ee heerka megahertz si loo wado HHG, ayaa lagu dabaqay meelaha sida shanlooyinka soo noqnoqda ee XUV, laakiin soo saarista garaaca attosecond ee go'doonsan ayaa weli leh caqabado.
Heerka ku celcelinta sare iyolaysar awood sare lehdarawal toos ah, oo ay ku jiraan OPCPA, fiber CPA oo ay weheliso cadaadis aan toos ahayn oo boostada ah, iyo oscillator filim khafiif ah, ayaa gaaray jiil garaaca wadnaha oo go'doonsan oo ku socda heerka ku celcelinta 100 kHz.