Nanolaser waa nooc ka mid ah aaladaha yaryar iyo nano kaas oo ka samaysan nanomaterials sida nanowire sida resonator oo ku sii dayn kara laysarka hoostiisa photoexcitation ama kicin koronto.Baaxadda laysarkani inta badan waa boqolaal microns ama xitaa tobanaan microns, dhexroorkuna waa ilaa nidaamka nanometerka, taas oo ah qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah soo bandhigida filimka khafiifka ah ee mustaqbalka, muraayadaha isku dhafan iyo meelo kale.
Kala soocida nanolaser:
1. Nanowire laser
Sannadkii 2001, cilmi-baarayaal ka tirsan Jaamacadda California, Berkeley, ee dalka Mareykanka, ayaa ku abuuray leysarka adduunka ugu yar - nanolasers- siligga nanooptic kaliya kun-meelood meel dhererka timaha aadanaha.Laysarkani kaliya maaha inuu sii daayo leysarka ultraviolet, laakiin sidoo kale waa la hagaajin karaa si loo sii daayo laysarka u dhexeeya buluug ilaa ultraviolet qoto dheer.Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay isticmaaleen farsamo caadi ah oo loo yaqaan 'oriented epiphytation' si ay u abuuraan laysarka ka samaysan crystals zinc oxide saafi ah.Waxay markii hore "dhaqmeen" nanowires, taas oo ah, laga sameeyay lakab dahab ah oo leh dhexroor 20nm ilaa 150nm iyo dhererka 10,000 nm fiilooyinka zinc oxide saafi ah.Dabadeed, markii cilmi-baarayaashu ay ka kiciyeen kiristaalo zinc oxide saafi ah ee nanowires oo leh laser kale oo ku hoos jira aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo, kiristaalo zinc oxide saafi ah ayaa sii daayay laser leh mawjadda dhererka 17nm oo keliya.nanolasers-yada noocan oo kale ah ayaa ugu dambeyntii loo isticmaali karaa in lagu aqoonsado kiimikooyinka iyo horumarinta awoodda kaydinta macluumaadka ee saxannada kombuyuutarka iyo kombuyuutarrada sawir-qaadista.
2. Ultraviolet nanolaser
Ka dib imaanshaha micro-laser, lasers micro-disk, lasers micro-ring, iyo lasers quantum avalanche, farmashiyaha Yang Peidong iyo asxaabtiisa Jaamacadda California, Berkeley, waxay sameeyeen nanolasers heerkulka qolka.Nanolaserkan zinc oxide wuxuu soo saari karaa laser leh ballac ka hooseeya 0.3nm iyo mawjadda dhererka 385nm ee iftiinka iftiinka, kaas oo loo arko inuu yahay laser ugu yar adduunka iyo mid ka mid ah aaladaha ugu horreeya ee la taaban karo ee la soo saaray iyadoo la adeegsanayo nanotechnology.Marxaladda hore ee horumarinta, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay saadaaliyeen in ZnO nanolaser-kan ay fududahay in la soo saaro, dhalaal sare, cabbir yar, iyo wax-qabadku wuxuu la mid yahay ama xitaa ka fiican yahay GaN lasers buluug.Sababtoo ah awoodda lagu sameeyo nanowire cufnaanta sare leh, ZnO nanolasers waxay geli karaan codsiyo badan oo aan suurtagal ahayn qalabka maanta ee GaAs.Si ay u koraan laysarka noocan oo kale ah, ZnO nanowire waxaa lagu farsameeyay habka gaadiidka gaaska kaas oo kicinaya korriinka korriinka epitaxial.Marka hore, substrate sapphire waxaa lagu dahaadhay lakabka 1 nm ~ 3.5nm filim qaro weyn oo dahab ah, ka dibna ku dheji doonta alumina, walxaha iyo substrate-ka ayaa lagu kululeeyaa 880 ° C ~ 905 ° C qulqulka ammonia si loo soo saaro. Zn uumiga, ka dibna uumiga Zn waxaa loo qaadaa substrate-ka.Nanowires oo ah 2μm ~ 10μm oo leh aag isgoysyada laba geesoodka ah ayaa lagu soo saaray habka kobaca ee 2min ~ 10min.Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay ogaadeen in ZnO nanowire uu sameeyo godad laser dabiici ah oo leh dhexroor 20nm ilaa 150nm, inta badan (95%) dhexroorkiisu waa 70nm ilaa 100nm.Si loo darso qiiqa la kiciyey ee nanowires, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay si mug leh ugu shubeen muunada aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo oo leh soosaarka afraad ee iswaafajinta ee Nd:YAG laser (mawjadaha dhererka 266nm, ballaca garaaca garaaca 3ns).Inta lagu guda jiro horumarka ee spectrum qiiqa, iftiinka waa la curyaamiyey kororka awoodda bamka.Marka lasing-ku dhaafo marinka ZnO nanowire (qiyaastii 40kW/cm), meesha ugu sarraysa waxay ka soo muuqan doontaa qiiqa qiiqa.Balaadhka xariiqda dhibcahan ugu sarreeya waxa uu ka yar yahay 0.3nm, kaas oo in ka badan 1/50 ka yar ballaca xariiqa ka soo baxa qiiqa ka hooseeya heerka.Xadhkahan cidhiidhiga ah iyo korodhka degdega ah ee xoojinta qiiqa ayaa keenay cilmi-baarayaashu inay soo gabagabeeyaan in qiiqa la kiciyey uu runtii ku dhaco nanowires-yadan.Sidaa darteed, shaxanka nanowire wuxuu u dhaqmi karaa sidii resonator dabiici ah oo sidaas darteed wuxuu noqonayaa il laser micro ah oo ku habboon.Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay aaminsan yihiin in nanolaser-yar-yar-yar loo isticmaali karo dhinacyada xisaabinta indhaha, kaydinta macluumaadka iyo nanoanalyzer.
3. Quantum well lasers
Kahor iyo ka dib 2010, balladhka xariiqa ku dhejisan chip semiconductor wuxuu gaari doonaa 100nm ama ka yar, waxaana jiri doona oo kaliya dhowr elektaroon oo wareega wareegga, kororka iyo hoos u dhaca elektarooniga ayaa saameyn weyn ku yeelan doona shaqada wareegga.Si loo xalliyo dhibaatadan, waxaa dhashay leysarka ceelka quantum.Farsamoyaqaanka quantum-ka, goob suurtagal ah oo xaddidaysa dhaqdhaqaaqa elektarooniga oo cabbiraya iyaga waxaa loo yaqaan ceelka quantum.Xakamaynta tiradan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo heerarka tamarta quantum ee lakabka firfircoon ee laser semiconductor, si isbeddelka elektiroonigga ah ee u dhexeeya heerarka tamarta uu xukumo shucaaca xiisaha leh ee leysarka, taas oo ah leysarka quantum si fiican.Waxaa jira laba nooc oo ah laysarka ceelka quantum: laydhka quantum-ka iyo leysarka dhibcaha quantum.
① Layeerka Quantum line
Saynis yahanadu waxa ay soo saareen leysarka xargaha quantum-ka oo 1,000 jeer ka awood badan laysarka caadiga ah, iyaga oo qaaday tallaabo weyn oo lagu abuurayo kombuyuutar iyo qalab isgaarsiineed oo degdeg ah.Laysarka, kaas oo kordhin kara xawaaraha maqalka, muuqaalka, internetka iyo noocyada kale ee isgaarsiinta shabakadaha fiber-optic, waxaa sameeyay saynisyahano ka tirsan Jaamacadda Yale, Lucent Technologies Bell LABS ee New Jersey iyo Max Planck Institute for Physics ee Dresden. Jarmalka.Laysarkan awoodda sare leh waxay yareyn doonaan baahida loo qabo Repeaters qaali ah, kuwaas oo lagu rakibo 80km kasta (50 mayl) ee khadka isgaarsiinta, mar kale waxay soo saaraan garaaca laysarka oo aan xoog badnayn marka ay dhex maraan fiber (Repeaters).
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-15-2023