Soo saarista Laser-yada

Soo saarista Laser-yada
Soo saarista laysarka waxaa soo jeediyay Einstein sanadkii 1916 isagoo wata aragtidiisa ah "sii deynta iskeed ah iyo tan la kiciyey". Aragtidani waxay saldhig u tahay nidaamyada laysarka casriga ah. Isdhexgalka u dhexeeya photons iyo atamka waxay horseedi kartaa saddex geeddi-socod oo kala-guur ah: nuugista kicinta, sii deynta iskeed ah, iyo sii deynta kicinta. Ilaa inta sii deynta kicinta ay sii jiri karto oo xasilloon tahay, laysarka waa la heli karaa. Sidaa darteed, aaladaha gaarka ah - laysarka - waa in la soo saaraa. Halabuurka laysarka guud ahaan wuxuu ka kooban yahay saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: walaxda shaqaynaysa, qalabka kicinta, iyo resonator-ka indhaha.

1. Walax shaqaynaysa

Walxaha ku jira laysarka ee soo saari kara iftiinka laysarka waxaa loo yaqaan walaxda shaqaynaysa. Xaaladaha caadiga ah, qaybinta tirooyinka atamka ee walaxda heer kasta oo tamar ah waa qaybin caadi ah. Tirada atamka ee heerka tamarta hoose had iyo jeer way ka badan tahay heerka tamarta sare. Sidaa darteed, marka iftiinku dhex maro xaaladda caadiga ah ee walaxda iftiimaysa, habka nuugista ayaa ah mid awood badan, iftiinkuna had iyo jeer wuu daciifaa. Si iftiinka loo xoojiyo ka dib marka uu dhex maro walaxda iftiimaysa oo loo gaaro ballaarinta iftiinka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la sameeyo qiiqa kiciya oo awood badan. Si tirada atamka ee heerka tamarta sare looga dhigo mid ka weyn kan heerka tamarta hoose, qaybintani waxay ka soo horjeedaa qaybinta caadiga ah waxaana loo yaqaan rogidda tirada walxaha.
2. Qalabka Kicinta
Shaqada qalabka kicinta ayaa ah in atamka heer tamar hoose ilaa heer tamar sare, taasoo u suurtagelinaysa walaxda shaqaynaysa inay gaarto rogaal celin tirada walxaha. Heerarka tamarta ee walaxda waxaa ka mid ah xaaladda dhulka iyo xaaladda kacsan, iyo sidoo kale xaalad firfircoon. Xaaladda firfircoonidu way ka xasilloon tahay xaaladda dhulka, laakiin aad ayay uga xasilloon tahay xaaladda kacsan. Marka la eego, atamka waxay ku sii jiri karaan xaaladda firfircoonidu muddo dheer. Tusaale ahaan, aayadaha chromium (Cr3+) ee ruby ​​waxay leeyihiin xaalad firfircoonidu leh oo cimrigeedu yahay 10-3 ilbiriqsi. Ka dib marka walaxda shaqaynaysa ay kacdo oo ay gaarto rogaal celinta tirada walxaha, marka hore, sababtoo ah jihooyinka faafinta ee kala duwan ee fotonka ay soo saaraan shucaaca iskiis ah, fotonka shucaaca ee kiciya ayaa sidoo kale leh jihooyin faafin oo kala duwan, waxaana jira khasaarooyin badan oo ku yimaada wax soo saarka iyo nuugista; wax soo saarka laysarka deggan lama soo saari karo. Si loo suurtogeliyo shucaaca kiciya inuu sii jiro mugga xaddidan ee walaxda shaqaynaysa, waxaa loo baahan yahay resonator indhaha ah si loo gaaro xulashada iyo xoojinta iftiinka.
3. Muraayadda Indhaha
Waa labo muraayadood oo is barbar socda oo lagu rakibay labada daraf ee walaxda shaqaynaysa, oo ku toosan dhidibka ugu weyn. Dhammaad waa muraayad guud oo milicsi ah (oo leh heer milicsi ah 100%), dhammaadka kalena waa muraayad qayb ahaan hufan oo qayb ahaan milicsi leh (oo leh heer milicsi ah 90% ilaa 99%).
Shaqooyinka resonator-ka waa: ① abuurista iyo ilaalinta kor u qaadista indhaha; ② xulashada jihada iftiinka soo baxaya; ③ xulashada hirarka iftiinka soo baxaya. Maaddada shaqada gaarka ah, sababo kala duwan awgood, hirarka iftiinka ee dhabta ah ee soo baxaya ma aha mid gaar ah, baaxadduna waxay leedahay ballac gaar ah. Resonator-ku wuxuu ciyaari karaa door xulasho soo noqnoqosho ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa monochromaticity-ga laysarka mid ka wanaagsan.