Qaybta labaad ee laser-ka aadka u dheereeya

Gaar ahlaysar aad u dhakhso badanqaybta labaad

Kala-fidinta iyo faafitaanka garaaca wadnaha: Kala-fidinta dib-u-dhaca kooxda
Mid ka mid ah caqabadaha farsamo ee ugu adag ee la kulmo marka la isticmaalayo laysarka aadka u dheereeya waa ilaalinta muddada garaaca aadka u gaaban ee ay markii hore soo saartay.laysarGaraacyada aadka u degdega ah aad bay ugu nugul yihiin qallooca waqtiga, taasoo ka dhigaysa garaaca wadnaha mid dheer. Saamayntani way ka sii daraysaa marka muddada garaaca hore ay soo gaabinayso. In kasta oo laysarka aadka u degdega ah ay soo saari karaan garaacyo muddo 50 ilbiriqsi ah, haddana waxaa lagu kordhin karaa waqtiga iyadoo la adeegsanayo muraayadaha iyo muraayadaha si loogu gudbiyo garaaca meesha bartilmaameedka ah, ama xitaa si fudud loogu gudbiyo garaaca wadnaha hawada.

Qalloocinta waqtigan waxaa lagu qiyaasaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo cabbir loo yaqaan kala-baxa kooxeed ee dib loo dhigay (GDD), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan kala-baxa heerka labaad. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa sidoo kale jira ereyo kala-fidin sare leh oo saameyn kara qaybinta waqtiga ee garaaca ultrafart-laser, laakiin dhab ahaantii, badanaa waa ku filan tahay in la baaro saameynta GDD. GDD waa qiime ku xiran soo noqnoqoshada oo si toosan ugu dhigma dhumucda walax la bixiyay. Aragtiyada gudbinta sida muraayadda, daaqadda, iyo qaybaha ujeeddada badanaa waxay leeyihiin qiimayaal GDD oo togan, taasoo tilmaamaysa in marka garaaca la cadaadiyo ay siin karaan indhaha gudbinta muddo garaac dheer marka loo eego kuwa ay soo saaraan.nidaamyada laysarkaQaybaha leh soo noqnoqoshada hoose (tusaale ahaan, hirarka dhaadheer) waxay si ka dhakhso badan u faafaan qaybaha leh soo noqnoqoshada sare (tusaale ahaan, hirarka dhaadheer ee gaaban). Marka garaaca uu sii dhex maro walxo badan, hirarka garaaca wadnaha ayaa sii wadi doona inuu sii dheeraado waqti ka dib. Muddada garaaca oo gaaban, sidaas darteedna ballaaran, saameyntani waa mid aad loo buunbuuniyay waxayna keeni kartaa qallooc waqti garaac oo weyn.

Codsiyada laysarka aadka u degdeg badan
sawir-qaadis
Tan iyo markii la soo saaray ilo laysar oo aad u dhakhso badan, spectroscopy wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee ay adeegsadaan. Iyadoo la dhimayo muddada garaaca ilaa femtoseconds ama xitaa attoseconds, hababka firfircoon ee fiisigiska, kimistariga iyo bayoolajiga oo taariikh ahaan aan macquul ahayn in la daawado hadda waa la gaari karaa. Mid ka mid ah hababka muhiimka ah waa dhaqdhaqaaqa atomikada, kormeerka dhaqdhaqaaqa atomikadana wuxuu hagaajiyay fahamka sayniska ee hababka aasaasiga ah sida gariirka molecular, kala-goynta molecular iyo wareejinta tamarta ee borotiinada photosynthetic.

sawir-qaadista bayoolajiga
Laser-yada aadka u dhaqsaha badan ee awoodda sare leh waxay taageeraan hababka aan tooska ahayn waxayna horumariyaan xallinta sawir-qaadista bayoolojiga, sida mikroskoobka badan ee sawir-qaadista. Nidaamka sawir-qaadista badan, si loo soo saaro calaamad aan toosnayn oo ka timaadda bartilmaameed bayooloji ama iftiin, laba sawir-qaadis waa inay isku dul fuulaan booska iyo waqtiga. Habkan aan tooska ahayn wuxuu hagaajiyaa xallinta sawir-qaadista isagoo si weyn u yareynaya calaamadaha iftiinka asalka ah ee saameeya daraasadaha hababka hal-foton. Asalka calaamadda ee la fududeeyay ayaa la sawiray. Gobolka kicinta yar ee mikroskoobka badan ee sawir-qaadista badan ayaa sidoo kale ka hortagaya sunta sawir-qaadista wuxuuna yareynayaa dhaawaca muunadda.

Jaantuska 1: Jaantus tusaale ah oo ku saabsan waddo fallaadho ah oo ku jirta tijaabo mikroskoobo badan oo sawiran ah

Habaynta walxaha laysarka
Ilaha laysarka aadka u degdega ah ayaa sidoo kale kacaan ku sameeyay mishiinka laysarka iyo habaynta agabka sababtoo ah habka gaarka ah ee garaaca ultrashort-ku ula falgalaan agabka. Sida hore loo soo sheegay, marka laga hadlayo LDT, muddada garaaca ultrafast-ka ah ayaa ka dhakhso badan cabbirka wakhtiga faafinta kulaylka ee shabagga walxaha. laysarka aadka u degdega ah waxay soo saaraan aag aad uga yar oo kulaylka saameeya marka loo eegolaysarka nanosecond pulsed, taasoo keenta khasaaro yar oo jeexitaan ah iyo farsamayn sax ah. Mabda'ani wuxuu sidoo kale khuseeyaa codsiyada caafimaadka, halkaas oo saxnaanta sii kordheysa ee jarista ultrafart-laser ay ka caawiso yaraynta dhaawaca unugyada ku xeeran iyo hagaajinta khibradda bukaanka inta lagu jiro qalliinka laysarka.

Garaacyada Attosecond: mustaqbalka laysarka aadka u dhaqsaha badan
Iyadoo cilmi-baaristu ay sii waddo horumarinta laysarka aadka u dheereeya, ilo iftiin oo cusub oo la hagaajiyay oo leh muddooyin garaaca oo gaaban ayaa la horumarinayaa. Si loo helo aragti ku saabsan hababka jireed ee degdegga ah, cilmi-baarayaal badan ayaa diiradda saaraya soo saarista garaaca attosecond - qiyaastii 10-18 ilbiriqsi oo ku jira heerka hirarka ultraviolet-ka daran (XUV). Garaaca Attosecond wuxuu u oggolaanayaa la socodka dhaqdhaqaaqa elektaroonigga ah wuxuuna hagaajiyaa fahamkeenna qaab-dhismeedka elektaroonigga ah iyo farsamooyinka quantum. Iyadoo isku-darka laysarka attosecond ee XUV ee hababka warshadaha uusan weli sameyn horumar la taaban karo, cilmi-baarista iyo horumarka socda ee goobta ayaa hubaal ah inay ka saari doonto tiknoolajiyadan shaybaarka oo ay u gudbin doonto wax soo saarka, sida kiiska femtosecond iyo picosecond.Ilo laysar ah.